Times Arrow, Times Cycle ( Stephen Jay Gould ) free essay sample

Reviews work on evolution of geologists understanding of the concept of deep time in 17th Cent.-19th Cent. In Times Arrow, Times Cycle, Stephen Jay Gould discusses the evolution of geologists understanding of the concept of deep time. Gould studied texts by Thomas Burnet, James Hutton, and Charles Lyellthree scientific writers who approached this question in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. Traditionally, readings of these three writers tended to focus on the degree to which each man employed the scientific method in investigating the question of the Earths age. The greater the scientists dependence on scientific method, the historians reasoned, the closer he came to the truth. Thus, these scientists have often been ranked, and understood, on the basis of their adherence to standards that are familiar to the twentieth century, but were still evolving when they wrote. In the course of his repeated close readings of the texts, in which. We will write a custom essay sample on Times Arrow, Times Cycle ( Stephen Jay Gould ) or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page .

Lost In Translation essays

Lost In Translation essays All of us have been waiting for the Oscar night in order to know who won the awards. This moment is not only exciting for the actors and actresses, but also for directors, producers and many others who are involved in making movies. One of the movies that has captured some Oscar buzz is called Lost in Translation, written and directed by Sofia Coppola. This movie is a nominee for Best Picture. In addition, this movie has some related nominations such as Actor in Leading Role (Bill Murray), Directing, and Writing. This movie tells us a story of love and friendship that are taking place under unlikely circumstances. Bob Harris (Bill Murray) is a famous American actor who is experiencing difficult times in his career as well as in his personal life. As a result, he decides to take a small job in Japan, where he would appear on whiskey commercial. Due to the cultural shock, Harris spends most of his time in the hotel. There, he meets an American twenty year old Charlotte (Scarlett Johansson), who has been married to John (Giovanni Ribisi), a photographer, for two years. During her stay, she begins to question whether her marriage to John is a huge mistake. Charlotte and Bob find out that they have a lot in common, such as broken marriages, cultural shock and career difficulties. When John goes away for the job assignment, Charlotte and Bob get to know each other better and discover Tokyo together. There are indications that they may end up as more than just friends. In my opinion, this movie was greatly written. Sofia Coppola was able to capture the many differences in culture, by costume designs and visual effects. For those who have never been in Japan before; after watching this movie, they feel like I have. Also, the cultural shock was shown in every possible way. The main characters did not speak Japanese and did not have any friends nor loved ones with them in ...

Critically discuss to what extent and how a Strategic HRM approach can Essay

Critically discuss to what extent and how a Strategic HRM approach can help to create value and competitive advantage in an organisation - Essay Example Doing it strategically and making it a part of strategy helps the company to do well in the long run. In this write up, the aim is to uncover the importance of doing human resource management as attached to strategy and the results of doing so, whether it helps in gaining competitive advantage or not, whether it increases the worth and value of the company or not. Every companys aim is to maximize its profits. But an intelligent and well managed company is one which takes care of its employees so that they can be motivated well enough to handle the customers in a brilliant way, ensuring loyal customers and better sales generation. Employees are that part of the company which should be considered the most vital as they are those which run the company on a daily basis. Whether the employee belongs to the top level management, middle level management, is a first line manager, is a non-manager or simply is a worker at the factory should not matter. What should matter is that they are all important and the company runs with the help of these employees. Therefore, importance should be given to all levels of employees irrespective of what part of hierarchy they belong to. (Armstrong, 2006) Moreover, if seen from another perspective, it can be said that if the employees are happy, they will take good care of the customers and if the customers are hap py, they will come back to the company for repeat purchases and thus the worth of the company will rise, ultimately making the shareholders happy. So it all boils down to if the employees are happy or not. Moreover, the new concept nowadays for doing effective human resource management, this helps in the long run, is that of leading a diversified workforce in this ever changing environment. Intercultural diversity and being an equal opportunity employer is the thing of today’s age and the company which does not support it always loses out on the competition because diversity brings this unique quality within a

Dissent & altruism are a matter of personal conviction, but Essay

Dissent & altruism are a matter of personal conviction, but situational factors are involved also. Analyze five (5) situational - Essay Example However, conformity gives us a basis to make decisions, yet it may lead to bad decisions if information is withheld to challenge the consensus. Dissent is a sentiment or a philosophy of non-agreement or opposition to a prevailing idea. It is important for a healthy society not only to protect the interests of individuals but also to encourage dissent. This beats dogmas or pragmatism and brings a fresh change to the overall environment. It is easier for people to abide by prevailing customs and phenomena; even if they are out-dated or cliched and regressive for society. However, it is in the power of a few individuals to dissent from the existing customs and bring about a positive social change in society. The changing dynamics in workplace and private and public circles constantly raise such issues that need to be handled with altruism and dissent- though peer pressure and dogmas dictate our thinking and thus our actions. Following are a few situations that have called for altruism a nd dissent and the way people responded to it. 1.

American Transition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

American Transition - Essay Example The problem was that the Radical Republicans pay more attention to the rearrangement of Southern institutions rather than to "the elevation of the ex-slave". Only some of them realized that slavery was not able "to train the ex-slave for participation in a free competitive society, as most of them assumed that the termination of slavery meant the end of their problems (Burns 12). They believed that blacks could immediately enter into community life on an equal footing with other citizens". Anyway ex-slaves appeared empty handed before the new kind of world. They had not yet been granted their civil rights. "At the same time, they were no longer covered by property rights. Therefore they were even more vulnerable to physical intimidation than before" (Burns 7). Seemingly among the achievements of Reconstruction was obviously granting minimum of political and civil rights to the ex-slave, though white supremacy supporters were stubborn in their desire to ruin this advance. In the situations when it was impossible to use frightening and terror, ex-slaves were under the ruthless economic oppression by landowners and merchants. Ex-slaves were little by little loosing their influence during voting. Although it all this was obvious the Northern Radical Republicans seemed to be tired of the everlasting fight for protecting ex-slaves. Moreover the Northern whites supported the Southern race bigotry. Thus the North begun to give preference to peace rather than justice. "Industrialists were expanding their businesses rapidly, and they wanted the South to be pacified, so that it would be a safe area for investment and expansion. If this meant returning power to white conservatives, they were willing to pay the price" (Burns 11). The election of presi dent in 1876 outgrew into mess. The South agreed to uphold Republican Hayes only in the case of withdrawing the troops and renewing home rule. Thus having become President B. Hayes claimed that if the Southern whites were let alone, they would be to handle ex-slaves conscientiously. "Hayes seemed unaware that men could be educated, civilized, and claim to be Christians while at the same time behaving as bigots and racists" (Burns 14). In order to content the voracious North and the Hayes interred the residues of Reconstruction. At the end of his term Southern white conservatives absolutely retook earlier lost positions. From the point of view of American transition let's also consider an issue of technical changes which accelerated the development of the United States in the late 19th century. These changes included "a wave of inventions bringing new interlocking means of transportation, new power sources, new materials, mass production of consumer goods, advances in industrial chemistry, and innovative modes of production" (Burns 42). Besides this revolution resulted in various economic and social changes in the USA like new modes of management and organizational forms. Inventor-entrepreneurs, and among them was Thomas Edison, Elmer Sperry, Lee De Forrest, formed a direction of inventive activity which initiated the Second Industrial Revolution. In 1896 a writer in the Scientific American referring to the remarkable outpouring of U.S. patents since the Civil War, exuberantly insisted that his was "an epoch of invention and progress unique in the history of the world" (Burns 39).

The Major Issue Of Ralph Lauren Marketing Essay

The Major Issue Of Ralph Lauren Marketing Essay There are widely varieties of luxury brands which are not essential but are badly needed and associated with wealthy and affluent society around the world. The reasons why luxury goods are bought are that people wants to satisfy self-esteem and increase their status, or to go for the high quality and exclusivity of products. In addition, luxury brands provide the sense of mystery and elegance to consumers who want to be made to feel self-worth (Roumeliotis, 2012). In this assignment, Ralph Lauren will become the target brand and base on the relevant literature and theory to analyse and collect data with different research approaches. Background information, purpose of the study Ralph Lauren is a well-known and global brand in the products of apparel, accessories and it has always stood for the premium lifestyle as well. Furthermore, it has created the diverse sub brands which are innovation, distinct design and superb craftsmanship, such as Polo, Club Monaco and Rugby (Trefis Team, 2013). Moreover, it initially focused on the men market and following markets were women and different ages across countries worldwide through online shop and in-store retailer. However, there is a great deal of competitors like Chanel, Calvin Kevin, and private label brands that Ralph Lauren is facing. Hence, the purposes of this study may not only help Ralph Lauren maintain existing and grow new consumers, but also understand what people desire, attitude and behaviours. Problem statement Recent years, Ralph Laurens brand share has been shared by private labels which are gradually increasing at department stores (Trefis Team, 2011). This threat may seriously result in the reduction of existing customers who have loved for Ralph Lauren. Additionally, another problem is Ralph Lauren expands its retails into Asia, but strategy and control have lost. In addition to this, it has to face the high percentage of piracy products which hurts its reputation and brand image in Asia (Trefis Team, 2012). Management research question What specific ways can be done to retain original consumers at department stores? How to increase its revenues and customers even private labels come out? Development of objectives rationale Estimate competitors structures, strategies and prospects to increase more its competitiveness. Realize consum{Aggarwal, 2008 #16;Corporation, 2013 #6;Corporation, 2013 #10;Devault, 2012 #12;DiFrisco, 2009-2011 #8;Keller, 2013 #17;Logos, n.d. #9;Perner, 1999-2010 #13;Quester, 2002 #14;Roumeliotis, 2012 #2;Srivastava, 2011 #20;Summers, 2005 #19;Tombs, 2011 #11;Trefis, 2011 #4;Trefis, 2012 #5;Trefis, 2013 #3;Wikinvest, 2011 #7;Wood, 2010 #18;Wright, 2006 #15}ers perceptions to retain consumers and the relationship between them. Literature summary Ralph Lauren has successfully existed in the field of premium lifestyle goods for more than 30 years due to well-organized marketing strategy and vogue design. Particularly, it has powerful brand identity and awareness in customers mind through the extended number of products, sub brands, international markets and easily recognized logo (Ralph Lauren Corporation, 2013a). According to Ralph Laurens official website (2013a) mentions that the integration of advertising, marketing, merchandising and visual presentation will be a uniquely tremendous way to take into the corresponding showcasing of the world. Hence, this strategy has deeply entered into humans mind and stimulated customers to fall in love with the brand. Besides, a wide range of price choices from discount to luxury is an advantage which accords with customers expectation and preferences that could attract more broadly clients (Trefis Team, 2011). However, Ralph Lauren still has problems need to overcome. First of all, the website of Wikinvest (2011) has showed that a wave of  integration in the midst of department store  chains has made for the emergence of major players like  Macys Inc. (M), J.C. Penney (JCP)  and  Nordstrom (JWN). Biggish purchasing power is benefit to these chains which are able to decrease the number of physical stores. Furthermore, these chains start their own brands and sale own designed products at department stores to weaken premium brands position. Therefore, the competitors of Ralph Lauren have been increasing. Ralph Lauren needs to contend with the private label brands which these chains launch their own with low prices and high quality (wikinvest, 2011). As a result, the market share has decreased and lost part of loyalty customers owing to these private labels. The second major issue is that Ralph Lauren has started expanding its business into Asia as a crucial growth strategy in emerging markets, whereas the problem comes out. In 2010, Ralph Lauren was licensed to Dickson Concepts in China because this way could conveniently enlarge brand recognition and expand greater consumers and reduce capital expenditures (Trefis Team, 2012). However, not only did Ralph Lauren lose its direct control of the business but also its reputation damaged due to piracy of Polo shirts (Trefis Team, 2012). Because the unstable macroeconomic condition in the world, most manufacturers realize that consumers look forward to cheaper goods to replace luxury goods. Consequently, in order to gain more benefits, Dickson Concept was centred on low-cost production line to produce Ralph Laurens products with a stale, low quality brand image in China. It was opposite to the luxury image in US and Europe (Trefis Team, 2012). It causes customers change their love into privat e labels or piracy. All in all, in order to maintain its position in the world, Ralph Lauren has to understand its appeal and competitive advantages and whether these advantages have remarkable influence on consumers attitude to love for Ralph Lauren. Also, they have to conclude what affects brand loyalty and how to sustain or grow their position in peoples mind. Model development There are three developed models to describe the observed features and psychological constructs or attitudes. Model 1 aims to describe the significant features that impact on preference. Model 1: Features and Levels Logo The brand has a strong recognition to compete with new rivals. The brand does not have a strong recognition to compete with new rivals. Service The brand offers multifarious services to contest with new rivals. The brand offers limited services to contest with new rivals. Integrated marketing communication (IMC) The brand utilizes multichannel advertising campaign to attract customers. The brand utilizes single advertising campaign to attract customers. Product The brand produces high quality and delicate products to satisfy customers. The brand produces low quality and rough products for customers. Logo ¼Ã… ¡According to a most influential designer, Milton Glaser, said, The logo is the entry point to the brand (DiFrisco, 2009-2011). Logo makes customers easily recognize a particular brand and distinguish from different brands which do not have obvious logos to recall. Moreover, it can be penetrated into peoples mind when the logo design is simple, colourful and meaningful that associates with the name of brands. The logo of Ralph Lauren is a man with a mallet on a horse that reveals a clear feeling of the wealth people and American look. Besides, Ralph Lauren uses the colours of white and black to show the prestige of its brand (Famous Logos, n.d.). Service ¼Ã… ¡Customer service is based on satisfying customers prospects and maintains the relationship between companies and customers. The official website of Ralph Lauren offers online customer assistance services which include tracking orders, returning and refunds policy, gift services (Ralph Lauren Corporation, 2013b). IMC ¼Ã… ¡Integrated marketing communications means The concept under which a company carefully integrates and coordinates its many communications channel to deliver a clear, consistent and compelling message about the organization and its products (Tombs Seamons, 2011). Most of brands use more than one channel to promote their products due to the fact that multichannel marketing brings effective and impressing feeling to attract consumers. Ralph Lauren capitalizes on multichannel advertising campaign, like making the most of online media websites, print media advertisement and in-store (Devault, 2012). Product ¼Ã… ¡Not only are customers gradually becoming sensitive and careful on the quality, but also considering the uniqueness of products which could performance their status and reputation. Ralph Lauren delivers luxurious goods in four categories: apparel, home, accessories and fragrances to different age (Ralph Lauren Corporation, 2013a). Consequently, satisfied customers will tend to love Ralph Lauren. Model 2 purposes to explain and define buyer behaviours. Buyer Behaviour Model Input (External influence) Firms marketing efforts ¼Ã… ¡ products, promotion, pricing, channels of distribution, market segmentation Sociocultural environment ¼Ã… ¡Family, communication and reference groups, social class, subculture and culture, opinion leadership and diffusion of innovation, public policy and consumer protection. Process (Decision making) Need recognition Pre-purchase search Evaluation of alternatives Psychological field Experience Consumer needs and motivation Personality and self Perception Learning and involvement Attitudes Organisational field Organisational buying Output (Post-decision behaviour) Purchase ¼Ã… ¡ Trial Repeat purchase Post purchase evaluation Source: 2011, Pearson Australia, Schiffman et al, Consumer Behaviour, 5th Edition (For the explanation of buyer behaviour model refer to the appendix.) Resonance Judgments Feelings Performance Imagery Salience Model 3 aims to explain the relationship between brand and customers from the bottom to the top. Particularly, it also conducts that customers love for brand due to satisfaction and loyalty. CBBE model Source: 2011, Pearson Australia, Strategic brand management: building, measuring, and managing brand equity, 4th Edition CBBE model (Customer-Based Brand Equity) was proposed by Keller in 1993. He claimed differential effect that brand knowledge has on consumer response to the marketing of that brand (Aggarwal, 2008). Salience ¼Ã… ¡This layer is talking about the depth and breadth of brand awareness that customers memories can be recalled and recognized the brands in different situations (Keller, 2013). Performance and imagery ¼Ã… ¡Performance includes the internal products or services that fulfil consumers need. The dimensions of performance do not only focus on product dependability, durability and reparability, but also style, design and price (Keller, 2013). Imagery is the personalities of brands that telling a story about the products and its customers expectation. Therefore, brand imagery needs to be strong, favourable and unique to convince and attract the eyes of the consumers (Keller, 2013). Judgments and feelings ¼Ã… ¡The dimensions of judgment are brand quality, credibility, consideration and superiority. Yet the feelings dimensions are to measure the social approval, self-respect, excitement and security. Both of two dimensions are to conduct the positive and accessible responses from customers (Keller, 2013). Resonance ¼Ã… ¡It is to estimate the relationship between brands and customers in order to foster higher brand loyalty. The dimensions include behavioural loyalty whether frequent purchasing the same brands, attitudinal attachment, like proud of brands, sense of community and active engagement (Keller, 2013). Method This section reveals the approaches to use in the study. Research design The study will analyse customers attitude toward Ralph Lauren and others, also evaluate new rivals performances. Therefore, the research will be designed to accomplish the objectives. Research context Most customers keen on cheaper products instead of luxury brands in recent years, due to the fact that macroeconomic conditions cause the piratical products and private labels have been increasingly launching. Consequently, more and more competitors are scrambling the market of apparel and accessories. That is why this research tries to help Ralph Lauren figure out a way to get over the threat and more widely understand customers need to retain and attract new and old customers. Most important thing is that defining the brand love in customers mind. Data Collection In this study, both primary and secondary data are used. First of all, the primary data will be using a printing and an online questionnaire survey at the same time that is called A survey of comparing luxury brands to piracy and private labels. The questionnaire will have close ended questions, open ended questions, brand rating and choice questions. The advantages of questionnaires are that practical and convenient collect data from a great deal of people in a short time without high cost. However, it still has some disadvantages, such as lack validity (Wood Ross-Kerr, 2010). Secondly, beside the primary data, comparative data can be provided from the secondary data resources which include firms internal information system and electronic database. The advantages of it are economical and specific information can be collected to support primary data. Nevertheless, its data may be out-dated (Summers Johnson-Morgan, 2005). Sampling The samples of the research study consist of customers from luxury brands and private labels as respondents. The respondents have been divided by nationalities, ages and different backgrounds. It is a non-probability method which includes convenience, judgement, quota and snowball sampling. Furthermore, the advantages of this sampling are that spending lower cost and data can be collected easier than the population measurement. Nonetheless, sampling method provides less precise and creditable information (Srivastava Rego, 2011). Measurement Features statement This proposal will use factorial design to collect the data of features and feature levels. In Model 1, there are four categories of brands feature. Each category has two different levels. So it is a 2x2x2x2 factorial design. Design Matrix for 2x2x2x2 Factorial Designs Feature1 Feature2 Feature3 Feature4 Product A -1 -1 -1 -1 Product B 1 -1 -1 -1 Product C -1 1 -1 -1 Product D 1 1 -1 -1 Product E -1 -1 1 -1 Product F 1 -1 1 -1 Product G -1 1 1 -1 Product H 1 1 1 -1 Product I -1 -1 -1 1 Product J 1 -1 -1 1 Product K -1 1 -1 1 Product L 1 1 -1 1 Product M -1 -1 1 1 Product N 1 -1 1 1 Product O -1 1 1 1 Product P 1 1 1 1 This study will use a seven-point rating scales, which is easy for respondents to answer, to evaluate consumers preferences. Attitudes measurement In the behaviour model, it assumes buyer behaviour as Y1, firms marketing effort as X1, sociocultural environment as X2, decision making process as X3, purchase X4 and post-purchase evaluation as X5. Firms marketing effort The brand offer high quality products to fulfil your need. The price of this brand is worth to pay. The brands channel of distribution is easy to find and be recognized. The brands promotion is strongly attracting you. Sociocultural environment The brand can increase your status. The brand brings a strong cultural spirit. Decision making process The brand can raise your personal traits. The brand has a name you can trust. The brand has the ability to deliver what it promises. The brand meets your expectation. The brands quality has been consistent for long time. Purchase I would repeat buy this brand. I would consider buying this brand. I would never buy this brand. Post-purchase evaluation I am more interested in this brand. I would recommend friends or family to buy this brand. This measurement will use five-point rating scales. Respondents are asked for the degree of each statement. Brand statement This research uses balanced incomplete block designs (BIBDs) to compare luxury brands and piracy and private labels. Parameters of BIBDs: There are five brands including Ralph Lauren, Calvin Kevin, Bar III, Halogen and Chanel (v=5). There are ten choice sets (b=10). Each brand comes out six times (r=6). Three brands appear in each choice set (k=3). Each pair of brands appears three times (ÃŽÂ »=3). Incidence Matrix for a BIBD with Parameters (5, 10, 6, 3, 3) 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 Respondents have to choose the best and the worst option in a set of available options. Analysis plan This research will summarize the data collection to check whether the objective is solved by using the computer software known as Statistical Package for Service Solution (SPSS) program. Furthermore, refer to data screening to check for the data what missing and reporting descriptive statistics. Moreover, identify the techniques, such as ANOVA and regression analysis, for modelling several variables that appropriate to each objective. Ethics statement In this research, respondents are anonymously volunteer participants who can withdraw from this study anytime. Furthermore, it will be a safety study which protects the personal rights of participants. The study will use only for academic research to understand consumers attitude on brand love; hence, private information will not be recorded. The data collection will be digitally stored in database. On the other hand, researchers may meet the problem is sensitive respondents so each method needs to be careful designed. Moreover, in order to ensure the quality of this project, questionnaire needs to be previously sent to estimate whether it is straightforward. Brief summary Restate research objectives The mainly objectives are to estimate competitors strategies and to enhance more Ralph Laurens competitiveness as well as to grow closer relationship by comprehending consum{Aggarwal, 2008 #16;Corporation, 2013 #6;Corporation, 2013 #10;Devault, 2012 #12;DiFrisco, 2009-2011 #8;Keller, 2013 #17;Logos, n.d. #9;Perner, 1999-2010 #13;Quester, 2002 #14;Roumeliotis, 2012 #2;Srivastava, 2011 #20;Summers, 2005 #19;Tombs, 2011 #11;Trefis, 2011 #4;Trefis, 2012 #5;Trefis, 2013 #3;Wikinvest, 2011 #7;Wood, 2010 #18;Wright, 2006 #15}ers perception. Therefore, there are three developed models to specify the observed features, psychological constructs and attitudes. Finally, the objectives will be checked whether they are solved by summarizing the data collection. Potential importance of the research Turning to the details, there are four important features, like logo, service, IMC and product, which may impact on consumers preference. Thus, Ralph Lauren can compete with new rivals by analysing their weaknesses and strengths. While the psychological attitudes on buyers behaviour include external influences, decision making and post-decision behaviour. This model could help Ralph Lauren understand what consumers will consider and be influenced when choosing brand and the attitude of post-purchasing. The last one is aims to explain the relationship between Ralph Lauren and customers by CBBE model. Implications of the research The data will be collected to examine the objective is solved or not through SPSS program which may offer high credibility and high value for Ralph Lauren to gain more customers and maintain greater reputation.

Houses: Shelter to the Physical and Emotional Well-Being

Sandra Cisneros’   Ã¢â‚¬Å"The House on Mango Street† is not just another coming-of-age story; it is also a story that has been written to conquer the personal difficulties of a Latina writer.  Ã‚   Being Latina, she does not have many â€Å"Chicano role models† (Klein 21), but she has strived to express herself in writing, nonetheless.   In the 1988 collection of fifty four vignettes, Cisneros makes the narrator, Esperanza, come alive through experiences ultimately caused by being poor, female, and a minority, while giving the house the title role as it encompasses the dreams of families from any race: having a home to call their own. It is Cisneros’ way of dealing with the issues she herself has faced as a Latina is through her perseverance that they do not remain mere issues (O'Malley 35), but full-blooded experiences of a girl named Esperanza.   In the short story with the same name, Cisneros focuses on the dream of acquiring a home.   Therefore, this coming-of-age short story emphasizes on the importance of the physical house to the emotional growth and identity of its residents. Esperanza relates the many times her family has to move from rented house or apartment to another:   â€Å"We didn’t always live on Mango Street.   Before that we lived on Loomis on the third floor and before that we lived on Keeler.   Before Keeler it was Paulina, and before that I can’t remember. But I remember most was moving a lot† (Cisneros 290). Mango Street is a change from all the moving because the family finally does â€Å"not have to pay rent†; the house is supposed to be theirs   (Cisneros 291). However, the house still has some disappointments in store for Esperanza and her family.   The house is not what Esperanza imagines a real house that they can proudly call their own to be. â€Å"In the United States in particular, the house is more than just shelter; it is a national institution almost as sacred as the American flag.   In home ownership, the American dream and the American way are manifest: the civic values of individualism, economic success and self-sufficiency are asserted† (Kaup 361). Esperanza and her family are striving to reach that American dream, to stop being substandard citizens who get to be asked disbelievingly by people â€Å"You live there?† (Cisneros 291).   According to Esperanza the way it was asked made her â€Å"feel like nothing†.     Ã‚  This is how sometimes people are judged by the house they live in.   The house also affects the psyche of its residents.   A clean, well-kept house may contribute to a clearer outlook while a house which reflects poverty can be a cause for shame, such as in the case of Esperanza and her family’s house on Mango Street (Klein 23). The short story â€Å"The House on Mango Street† may be very brief, but according to Thomas O’ Malley, an English teacher, he considers â€Å"Cisneros’ writing† as â€Å"poetry† and thinks that â€Å"her characters speak poetic dialogue† that has not been heard â€Å"since Shakespeare moved out of the hood (O'Malley 35). It is probably Cisneros’ identification with Esperanza’s experiences that make her write them vividly and with the right tone. She understands what Esperanza is going through, and she makes sure that she uses simple language as appropriate to that of a little girl’s. It is also important to note that like other Latin American writers, Sandra Cisneros emphasizes on the â€Å"reinvention† of the English language when put side by side with other languages (Wolf 61).   Esperanza is not just a little girl, she is also a bilingual girl therefore there are two reasons behind the use of simple language. The story being added to a curriculum may be questioned by some English Literature students (Romero and Zancanella 26), but studying the story is not a waste of time at all even for non-Latinos.   In fact, other students are curious about â€Å"the line between fiction and reality† in the short story, having known Sandra Cisneros’ somewhat similar background (O'Malley 37). It not only opens the eyes to the world of Latinos but also expresses the universal need to feel secure with both shelter and identity.   The house on Mango Street is not a useless location for the story; it develops a character of its own.  Ã‚   It is used as a symbol for a person’s status in life, and possibly the person’s emotional state. The House on Mango Street relates a story of poverty and of a family’s search for a home to call their own.   However, what makes this story worth reading is that although there are many trials for Esperanza’s family, their story ends with Esperanza thinking hopefully:   â€Å"I knew then that I had to have a house.   A real house. One I could point to.   But this isn’t it.   The house on Mango Street isn’t it. For the time being.   Mama says. Temporary, says Papa.   But I know how things go† (Cisneros 291).   The last sentence diminishes that hope but the desire to have a real house is already in Esperanza’s heart.   She has the desire to improve her family’s situation and she does not want to remain trapped in rented houses, or even houses like the house on Mango Street.   However, this does not mean that Esperanza does not recognize the irony in what her parents have promised. Rudolfo Anaya is another Chicano writer who, like Cisneros, creates â€Å"protagonists who, like themselves, have no models, but were possessed by destiny, by inclination and by courage (Klein 22)†¦Ã¢â‚¬  to reach their goals.   He differs from Cisneros in his more active childhood and his stories which focus more on the development of a male protagonist. Related article: Arguments Made in Take the Tortillas Out of Your Poetry As a conclusion, â€Å"The House on Mango Street† is a story that does not only explore the development of a young girl called Esperanza, it also tells how the different houses she has lived in, including the house on Mango Street, contribute to her emotional growth and recognition of self-worth.   The house on Mango Street is not only present to provide a literal roof over the head of Esperanza’s family, it affects their very identity. Works Cited Cisneros, Sandra. â€Å"The House on Mango Street.† n.d. 290-291. Kaup, Monika. â€Å"The Architecture of Ethnicity in Chicano Literature.† American Literature,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Vol. 69, no. 2 (June 1997): 361-397. Klein, Dianne. â€Å"Coming of Age in the Novels of Rudolfo Anaya and Sandra Cisneros.† The   Ã‚  Ã‚   English Journal Vol. 81, No. 5 (September 1992): 21-26. O’Malley, Thomas F. â€Å"A Ride Down Mango Street.† The English Journal Vol. 86, No. 8 (December 1997): 35-37. Romero, Patricia Ann and Don Zancanella. â€Å"Expanding the Circle: Hispanic Voices in American Literature.† The English Journal, Vol. 79, No. 1 (January 1990): 24-29. Wolf, Dennie Palmer. â€Å"Of Courses: The Pacesetter Initiative and the Need for Curriculum-Based School.† The English Journal, Vol. 84, No. 1 (January 1995): 60-68.      

Current Trend to Teaching Nutrition in Elementary School Essay

Elementary schools have interesting aspects of putting across nutrition information to students through various methods. For instance, game theory is used to substitute healthier food for unhealthy foods currently consumed in various places including public places. Game theory in nutrition involves changing ones brain which eventually affects the body. This system entails mastering the guidelines of competitive practices mostly in purchasing, preparing or consuming good foods for our bodies. Game theory is used to motivate groups of people on their approaches to eating habits. In this theory, food is used to enable learners make decisions. It also examines the learners’ trust with regard to the fact that the body is molded depending on what one was fed on during his/her childhood and that the body is designed to fight diseases in times of infection. When using game theory, the teacher gives learners different examples of commonly used foods like the use of extra virgin oil by an individual or chicken fat for baking. In this example, the teacher is able to identify the individual who is at risk of developing diabetes (Brenowitz & Tuttle, 2003). In elementary schools, teachers identify the most important nutrition topics and the materials required to teach nutrition. For instance, healthy food choices and food guide pyramid are important topics that ought to be taught in elementary schools. Teachers have got the ability to change dietary behaviors of students. Middle schools use the team nutrition curriculum â€Å"yourself† which has details on food groups, required servings, following USDA food guide pyramid and weight guidelines. It also has guidelines and activities that are employed while choosing snacks (Gutek & Gerald, 1986). Elementary school teachers reward their students for good and presentable behavior. The teachers use food method and non food method to reward them. With food method the teacher chooses the students with good eating habits while with non food method those students with good interactive behavior are rewarded. As a result, most students will try as much as they can, so that they can improve and learn good nutritional habits. References Brenowitz, N. , & Tuttle, C. R. (2003). Development and testing of a nutrition-teaching selfefficacy scale for elementary school teachers. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 35, 308-311. Gutek, B. & Gerald, L. (1986). Education in the United States: An Historical Perspective. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.

Teachers union Essays - Educators, Occupations, Teacher, Teaching

Teachers union Essays - Educators, Occupations, Teacher, Teaching or your seventh discussion board topic, you will need to watch the video Dont Blame Teachers Unions for Our Failing Schools: A Debate, which can be found in the required learning materials in the Learning Activities folder for Class Session 11. Click on the Discussion Board link above and respond to the following: After watching the debate, do you believe that Teachers Unions are part of the problem in education? Why or why not? Provide examples to support your position. For this discussion, you may want to focus on the following key concepts in the course: Educatio After carefully watching the debate on the article Dont Blame Teachers Unions for Our Failing Schools , I do believe that Teachers Unions are part of the problem in education. Within an union, they are under leadership where they supposed to protect its members. Teachers union are certainly supposed to determine to educating student, epesically in big cities. I do believe that there are teachers out there. However, there are some teachers who are considered to be conservative in personal views. Teachers are seem to be recognized as a blame for societys problems. It is uncertainly not the teachers fault that kids behave the way they choose, or their parents support them when they are in wrong situation. There are parents who actually do not teach their kids about discipline or even bother to educated the; some parents just allowing their kids to hang out at home and not learning anything. When kids not being actively engage to expand their knowledge it creates problems in the long ru n. That is why some students who are in high school are only able to read at a lower level that they are supposed to. The problems in education equality are the same problems in society, which is considered to be very challenges to correct these problems in education as it is in society. Also, the Union are considered to be these people who hold great power in terms of making choices and decision to better situation even protecting its members. They are responsible for protecting jobs and wages is what unions were established to do, helping secure the employment and interest of others. I do not think that teachers are not completely the reason why schools are failing , but I do think do play a factor in school failing. To put into perspective, people cannot simply blame the teachers union for the outcome of failing school. We must put other possible factors into the equation as well. There are other things that contributed to the result of the outcome. For example, we must take into account of students background that they are enrolled in the failing schools. Every student background contains evidence in which some students may performed poorly or successfully. For some reason parents are not providing with the proper resources and other traits that contribute to school to ensure that their kids are successful. I know for sure that parents of students are partially blame for the failing schools In terms of parents, we must also recognized the environment where the schools are located. If a student is in a type of area where violence and drug and other malevolent activities impacts the students success as well. Perhaps parents enroll their kids in an environment that is not considered to be effective or suitable for an excellent education. Every school has different curriculum-some are challenging, average, easy or not just adequate for a good education that a child can receive to take along in college or any career path. The teachers unions contributes to failing school as much as the parents. Teachers are supposed to provide students with a good education. However, some teachers simply do not care about whether r or not the student learn to get their education, but more concern about their bi-weekly paycheck. The notion of teachers mindset affects complications that correlate with students learning abilities. Teachers especially thinks that students who come from low-income communites do not want an education. Maybe teacher way of thinking is because of student past behavior or background stratus. After all, I do not think everyone contribute wholly to failing school, but everyone contributes to the outcome of

Toxic Elements With No Nutritional Value

Toxic Elements With No Nutritional Value Have you ever wondered which elements are toxic? Everything is toxic if the dose is high enough, so Ive compiled a short list of elements that have no nutritional value, even in trace amounts. Some of these elements accumulate in the body, so there is no truly safe exposure limit for those elements (e.g., lead, mercury). Barium and aluminum are examples of elements which can be excreted, at least to a certain extent. Most of these elements are metals. The man-made elements are radioactive and toxic whether they are metals or not. AluminumAntimonyArsenic (metalloid)BariumBerylliumCadmiumHexavalent Chromium Cr6 (Cr3 is necessary in trace amounts for proper nutrition)LeadMercuryOsmiumThalliumVanadiumRadioactive MetalsPolonium (metalloid)ThoriumRadiumUraniumTransuranium elements (e.g., polonium, americium)Radioactive isotopes of metals that might not otherwise be highly toxic (e.g., cobalt-60, strontium-90) Surprises on the List One of the biggest surprises on the list is that aluminum serves no known biological function in humans. Aluminum is the third most abundant element in the Earths crust and the most abundant metal. Another surprise is that you cant use flavor to identify toxic elements. Some poisonous metals taste sweet. Classic examples include beryllium and lead. Lead acetate or sugar of lead was actually used as a sweetener until fairly recently.

Marketing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Marketing Management - Essay Example Main line of Marriott Marriott International Inc. operates and franchises hotels and lodging facilities worldwide (Marriott-a, 2010). Mr. Marriott has built a culture which is highly regarded and the company recognizes the value that they bring on to the organization. At present around 300,000 people are serving guests under the brand name Marriott and franchised properties throughout the world. Mr. Marriott shifted the company’s business model from hotel ownership to franchising and property management. This allowed the company to accelerate growth and broaden his leadership. This brought up the Marriott International, a hotel management and a franchising company. The company is a leading lodging company with around 3,000 lodging properties in USA and 67 other countries (Marriott, 2011). Marriott International has almost 2300 franchised hotels. The company has won many awards with relation to franchise because of the contribution made to the International Franchise Associatio n. Some of the awards include, 2006 Ronald E. Harrison Award by the IFA, Entrepreneurs of the year in 1984 to name a few (IFA, 2010). Presence of Marriott International JW Marriott Mexico City, Mexico: Marriott International has presence in Mexico with its 5-star hotel offering luxurious and modern accommodation for leisure as well as business travelers. It is located in Polanco district which has a historical importance (Marriott International Inc-b, 2011). Marriott India: In India, Marriott provides state-of-the-art meeting facilities, recreation facilities and personalized getaways in thirteen different cities (Marriott International Inc-c, 2011). China Hotel, a 5-Star Marriott Hotel: Marriott has presence in Guangzhou city of China from which it is connected to Export-Import Fair complex, airport and stations (Marriott International Inc-d, 2011). Marriott Argentina: Marriott International started its operations in Buenos Aires as Marriott Plaza hotel in 1909 and has hosted a num ber of high profile people such as Charles de Gaulle, Theodore Roosevelt, Indira Gandhi etc (Marriott International Inc-e, 2011). Marketing mix Marketing mix is a unique blend of product, price, promotions, offerings and distribution which are designed to meet the needs and demands of the consumers (McDaniel & Gates, 1998, p.3). As the demand of the market changes, the marketing mix also needs to be revised. The company should follow to have a right product at the right price, in the right place and at the right time. In addition to four Ps there is other three other secondary components which is concerned with the service industry. Thus as the project is based upon service industry, therefore the marketing mix would deal with 7 Ps. They are Product Price Place Promotion People Physical evidence and Process (Stone, 2001, p.54). Product The core product of Marriott is the hotel rooms that they provide to its customers. The company has different kinds of brands such as Marriott hotels and resorts, Renaissance hotels, JW Marriott hotels and reports, Autographs collection to name a few (Marriott, 2011). The reason which made Marriott a strong brand is because the company has one concept but they make the concept work differently for different people thus, attracting huge amount of customers. Place Marriott has been operating in many countries in about 68 countries and territories. Countries include USA,

Micro Economic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Micro Economic - Essay Example The giant company then dominates the market. The author refers to a monopoly that arises from economies of scale as a natural monopoly (Mukherjee 333). If the average cost goes down over the whole range of demand, then one seller can offer the product at a lower cost per unit, and more effectively than multiple suppliers. The market may start with numerous sellers, but naturally ends up with one seller that can take advantage in the best way to decrease the average cost. Public utilities such as natural gas sellers, electricity distributers, and garbage collectors have natural monopoly inclinations. A market that experiences decrease in average costs is likely to lead to a natural monopoly. Monopoly may come up because of artificial legal barriers to new firms’ entrance to an industry. The law provides that no other organization can offer this service (Mukherjee 335). For instance, the law in India does not permit any other firm to supply Indian currency except the Reserve Bank. Government policies can be in different forms, though they all aim at limiting what a business can do, where particular products or prices become mandatory while others are illegalized. The ideal form of regulating monopoly may involve forcing a business to set equal prices to its marginal costs. Prohibitions may include anti-competitive agreements and referrals to the completion commission in which an agreement can be reached to correct the offending area of dispute. A company may dominate the market of a product if it totally controls the supply of raw materials. If it is a sole owner of the raw materials, it can keep new competitors out of the industry (Sandhu and Jain 308). A commodity of the same value can therefore not be manufactured to compete in the market. This will mean that the owner can utilize it to enjoy full power of monopoly. A patent may give an exclusive right to the patent holder to produce a given